How it feels to withdraw feeding from newborn babies

An anonymous British physician challenged the sensitivity of the readers of the British Medical Journal (BMJ) with his recent letter published in the November 1, 2012, issue of the prestigious UK publication (see http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e7319 ).  The physician describes his feelings as he applies the Liverpool Care Pathway (LPC) to pediatric patients in his hospital.  (Those who read this blog regularly may remember the post on the LPC last month; see https://blogs.baylor.edu/jimhenderson/2012/11/02/the-liverpool-care-pathway. )

The emotional burden of working with parents who must witness the slow demise of a severely ill child takes a toll.  The situation as described in the letter is more than merely dealing with a dying child.  It is the ethical challenge of issuing the order to withdraw nutrition and hydration to speed up the process.   

The doctor wrote that parents “wish for their child to die quickly once the feeding and fluids are stopped.  They wish for pneumonia.  They wish for no suffering.  They wish for no visible changes to their precious baby.   Their wishes, however, are not consistent with my experience.  Survival is often much longer than most physicians think; reflecting on my previous patients, the median time from withdrawal of hydration to death was ten days.”

When I first wrote about the Liverpool Care Pathway, my thoughts were focused on end-of-life care for the critically-ill elderly.  Deciding not to prolong the life of someone who has lived a “complete life” is one thing.  Refusing nourishment and hydration to a new-born child for 10 days borders on cruel and unusual treatment; not compassionate care by any definition of the term. 

Once again the media in the UK is blowing up as these stories are making their way into the press.  Palliative care is supposed to ease a person’s way into the final stage of life, not hasten death to save money. 

Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2240075/Now-sick-babies-death-pathway-Doctors-haunting-testimony-reveals-children-end-life-plan.html#ixzz2E0iPYfvW

The opinions expressed in this blog post are mine alone, and do not reflect the opinions of Baylor University.   Baylor is not responsible for the accuracy of any of the information provided in this post.

Will ObamaCare lead to Death Panels?

Before you write off this blog post as the ranting of a madman, understand that when confronted with a controversial issue, I carefully consider all the evidence before opining.  The question is actually addressing the role that the Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB) will play in implementing the goals of the Affordable Care Act (ObamaCare, the term that the President himself has embraced). 

To begin with we have to understand exactly the powers of the IPAB.  I’ve written about it on several occasions.  This 15-member appointed board will be formed in 2013.  We have been assured by the President that IPAB will not ration medical care.  If we are to believe this statement (by the way the legislation itself reads that way), we have to understand what is meant by rationing.  There are actually three different ways to ration medical care.  One way is to ration explicitly.   For example, establish a rule that says anyone over 70 years of age is not eligible for hip replacement surgery.  That is what most of us think when we consider the meaning of the term.  A second way to ration is to set spending targets for medical care spending.  For example, we could mandate a target growth rate for medical care spending.  Or a third way to ration is to establish a fee schedule that must be followed when providing medical care to seniors. 

So the question is “Will ObamaCare (through the IPAB) ration care in any of these three ways”?  The answer is “Yes.”  The legislation clearly gives the board the authority to set provider fees with the intention of targeting a growth rate in overall medical care spending.  ObamaCare provides IPAB with the legislative authority to ration care.  Setting the fee for hip replacement surgery so low that no surgeon will provide the procedure will accomplish the same result as an outright ban on procedure.  The difference between the two approaches is that the board can say that it doesn’t ration care, that physicians are the bad guys for not providing the care. 

Will IPAB lead to death panels?  Sarah Palin was excoriated by the media when she voiced her concern to the American public during the reform debate.  We were told that the term “death panel” does not appear in the legislation.  True.  But Sarah Palin was considering the mandatory end-of-life counseling in the original legislation, which by the way, did not make it into the final bill.  She did not specifically mention the IPAB, which was called the “Independent Medicare Advisory Board” in the original bill.  The new name better reflects the new powers, not just over Medicare but over all payers. 

That still is not enough evidence to cause alarm, except of course among skeptics like me.  My concern (not voiced publicly until now), is based on what ObamaCare supporters have been writing about the future of medical care delivery.  The first article was in the British medical journal Lancet in 2009 (Principles for evaluating scarce medical interventions) coauthored by Ezekiel Emanuel, an Obama health policy adviser and considered a candidate for one of the positions on IPAB.  The most controversial aspect of the approach described in this article is the notion of the “complete lives system,” which prioritizes younger people who have not lived complete lives to be first in line for scarce medical resources.  Not enough evidence yet to be too alarmed. 

Next, I came across an article written by M. Gregg Bloche, another health care adviser to President Obama.  “Beyond the ‘R Word’? Medicine’s New Frugality” (New England Journal of Medicine, May 24, 2012) addresses the powers of the IPAB “to nudge providers toward more frugal practice by changing Medicare payment policies – and clinician’s incentives.”  There is still no direct mention of a power to ration because “the R word threatens long-term cost containment.”  Supporters are still dancing around the issue, but not embracing it. 

By summer’s end the popular press gets involved.  Eduardo Porter in the August 21, 2012, New York Times wants to ration health care, but do it more fairly.  In his article Porter targets his angst more directly on “older adults in their last year of life.”  Medicare spends six times as much on seniors who die during the year than those who survive.  He then goes on to say that we should follow the lead of the UK in their explicit use of their board, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), to set a value on the worth of each year of a person’s life.  Porter adds “rationing is inevitable in a world with finite resources.”  Should I be alarmed yet? 

Two weeks later, on September 6, Ezekiel Emanuel and colleagues published “A Systemic Approach to Containing Health Care Spending” in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This time his suggestion is to set payment rates for medical care to limit spending growth to global targets.  In other words, all payers and providers would be bound by the same government-determined fee schedule in order to keep overall medical care spending at specified levels; i.e., caps on spending growth set at the average growth in wages.  It’s beginning to look a lot like rationing to me. 

Finally, on September 16, Steven Rattner (counselor to the Secretary of the Treasury in the Obama administration) takes us “Beyond ObamaCare” in his New York Times article, providing literally the last nail in the proverbial coffin when he begins his article with “WE need death panels.”  His suggested target is end-of-life care.  “The big money in Medicare is found in reducing the cost of treating people in the last year of life, which consumes a quarter of the program’s budget.”  Well, at least somebody else connected the dots for me. 

The President may be denying that his health care plan contains the elements of full-blown European-style rationing, but his surrogates are spreading the word in various media outlets, or as Smokey Robinson wrote in his 1966 MoTown hit:

So get ready, so get ready – cause here I come. 

(Get ready cause here I come).

I’m on my way.

Get ready cause here I come.

The Temptations were talking about a love that’s true.  I’m afraid that in our case, we’re talking about something quite different.